Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda d\u00fcnyada global \u00e7apta bir salg\u0131na neden olan domuz gribi son periyotlarda de yayg\u0131n olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Influenza A vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn H1N1 alt k\u00fcmesi nedeni ile olu\u015fan, belirtileri ba\u015fka grip tipleri ve Covid- 19 ile kar\u0131\u015fan domuz gribi konusunda dikkatli olunmas\u0131, ferd\u00ee tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 k\u0131ymet ta\u015f\u0131yor. Memorial Bah\u00e7elievler Hastanesi Dahiliye B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Uz. Dr. Yusuf Emre Uzun, domuz gribi ve tedavisi hakk\u0131nda bilgi verdi.Domuz gribi\u00a0vakalar\u0131 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e art\u0131yor<\/strong>Grip, influenza ismiyle bilinen vir\u00fcsler nedeniyle olu\u015fan y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, \u015fiddetli kas ve eklem a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131, kuru \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck \u00fczere belirtilerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir enfeksiyon hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nfluenza vir\u00fcsleri \u2018Orthomiyxoviridae\u2019 ailesinin bir \u00fcyesidir. Antijenik yap\u0131lar\u0131na nazaran tiplere (\u0130nfluenza A, B, C, D) ve d\u0131\u015f zarfta bulunan proteinlerine -hemaglutinin (H) ve n\u00f6raminidaz (N)- nazaran alt k\u00fcmelere (H1N1, H3N2 gibi) ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u0130nfluenza A ve B vir\u00fcsleri insanlarda hastal\u0131k yapabilmektedir. (\u0130nfluenza A insan, domuz, at, kanatl\u0131 hayvanlar, \u0130nfluenza B yaln\u0131zca insanlar) \u0130nfluenza A vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131ymetli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi farkl\u0131 cinslere ili\u015fkin alt k\u00fcmelerin, birbirinden genetik malzeme al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fine a\u00e7\u0131k ve bu halde farkl\u0131 bir vir\u00fcs\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131na da son derece elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durum vir\u00fcs\u00fcn, yeni enfeksiyonlar olu\u015fturmas\u0131na, epidemilere ve pandemilere neden olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Birinci olarak 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda Meksika\u2019da tan\u0131mlanan \u201cdomuz gribi\u201d ise influenza A vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn H1N1 alt k\u00fcmesi nedeni ile olu\u015fur. H1N1 2009-2010\u00a0y\u0131llar\u0131nda global \u00e7apta salg\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0Bu belirtilere dikkat edin<\/strong>Domuz gribi belirtileri \u00f6teki yayg\u0131n grip \u00e7e\u015fitleriyle birebirdir. Domuz gribi semptomlar\u0131 bilhassa Covid-19 semptomlar\u0131na da benzerlik g\u00f6sterebilir ve bu iki hastal\u0131k \u00e7ar\u00e7abuk kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bilhassa altta yatan s\u0131hhat problemleri ve hastal\u0131klar\u0131 bulunanlar daha y\u00fcksek risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Akci\u011fer enfeksiyonu (pn\u00f6moni) ve teneff\u00fcs yetmezli\u011fi \u00f6mr\u00fc tehdit edebilir. Uzun periyodik ve diren\u00e7li ate\u015f, genel durum bozuklu\u011fu, teneff\u00fcs problemi, \u015fuur bulan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere bulgular\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kesinlikle doktora ba\u015fvurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.Domuz gribinin esas belirtileri \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\n
1. Ate\u015f,<\/li>\n
2. \u00d6ks\u00fcr\u00fck,<\/li>\n
3. Bo\u011faz a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131,<\/li>\n
4. Kas-eklem a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131,<\/li>\n
5. Ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131,<\/li>\n
6. \u00dc\u015f\u00fcme, titreme<\/li>\n
7. Yorgunluk hissi<\/li>\n
8. \u0130shal, mide bulant\u0131s\u0131 ve kusma (nadir)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

   Testinizi yapt\u0131r\u0131n<\/strong>Grip ya da domuz gribi oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen hastalarda uygun testler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131 konulabilir. \u0130nfluenza tan\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli laboratuvar test form\u00fclleri kullan\u0131labilir. Bu testler \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

   \n
   • N\u00fckleik asit amplifikasyon testleri (RT-PCR)<\/li>\n
   • H\u0131zl\u0131 antijen testleri<\/li>\n
   • K\u00fclt\u00fcr \u2013 vir\u00fcs izolasyonu<\/li>\n
   • Serolojik te\u015fhis (antikor testleri)\u00a0<\/li>\n
   • ELISA<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     G\u00fcnl\u00fck pratikte emniyetli ve s\u00fcratli sonu\u00e7 vermeleri nedeniyle en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan teknikler PCR ve s\u00fcratli antijen testleridir. Bu testler i\u00e7in en \u00fclk\u00fc \u00f6rnek nazofarengeal s\u00fcr\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011fi olup,\u00a0burundan ve bo\u011faz\u0131n i\u00e7inden bir pamuklu \u00e7ubuk ile \u00f6rnek al\u0131narak elde edilir.\u00a0H\u0131zl\u0131 antijen testleri ile \u0130nfluenza A ve \u0130nfluenza B varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilebilir iken, PCR testi ile alt k\u00fcme (H1N1-domuz gribi) tahlilleri yap\u0131labilmektedir.\u00a0Risk grubundaysan\u0131z dikkat!<\/strong>Domuz gribi, rastgele bir tedavi uygulanmaks\u0131z\u0131n tabiat\u0131yla g\u00fczelle\u015febilir. Lakin risk k\u00fcmesindeki bireylerde, kesinlikle domuz gribi tedavi edilmelidir.\u00a0Risk k\u00fcmesindeki bireyler \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

     \n
     • Hamileler<\/li>\n
     • 6-59 ay ortas\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar ile 50 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc yeti\u015fkinler<\/li>\n
     • Kronik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlar: Ast\u0131m dahil kronik akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, diyabet, metabolik hastal\u0131klar, kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, kronik karaci\u011fer, kronik b\u00f6brek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, n\u00f6rolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131 olanlar<\/li>\n
     • Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f hastalar<\/li>\n
     • Obezite hastas\u0131 ki\u015filer\u00a0<\/li>\n
     • Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131<\/li>\n
     • \u00d6zellikle 6 aydan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarla temasta bulunanlar<\/li>\n
     • 5 ya\u015f alt\u0131 ve 50 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n mesken temasl\u0131lar\u0131 ve bak\u0131m verenler<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

       \u00a0A\u015f\u0131lanma \u00f6nemli<\/strong>Her y\u0131l yenilenen mevsimsel grip a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131, H1N1 (domuz gribi a\u015f\u0131s\u0131) ve H3N2 \u00fczere o y\u0131lki grip mevsiminde en yayg\u0131n olmas\u0131 beklenen \u00fc\u00e7 yahut d\u00f6rt grip vir\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa sa\u011flar.\u00a0Bu nedenle grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n her y\u0131l Ekim ay\u0131nda yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Lakin risk k\u00fcmesindeki \u015fah\u0131slar, daha evvel yapt\u0131rmad\u0131larsa, \u015eubat ay\u0131na kadar a\u015f\u0131y\u0131 yapt\u0131rabilirler.\u00a0Hastal\u0131k Denetim ve Tedbire Merkezleri (CDC) 6 aydan b\u00fcy\u00fck herkes i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nermektedir.\u00a0Domuz gribinin tedavisinde istirahat ve dayanak tedavilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra influenza vir\u00fcs\u00fcnde tesirli antiviral ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131labilir. \u0130nfluenza ile ba\u011fl\u0131 ate\u015f, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve miyalji (kas a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131) \u00fczere semptomlar\u0131 tedavi etmek i\u00e7in parasetamol yahut nonsteroid antiinflamatuar ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131labilir.\u00a0Korunmak i\u00e7in bu tedbirleri kesinlikle al\u0131n\u00a0<\/strong>Grip (influenza) vir\u00fcs\u00fc damlac\u0131k yoluyla bula\u015f\u0131r. \u00d6ks\u00fcr\u00fcp hap\u015f\u0131ran ki\u015fi, vir\u00fcs i\u00e7eren \u00e7ok say\u0131da damlac\u0131\u011f\u0131 etrafa yayar. Bu damlac\u0131klar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131z, burun ya da g\u00f6zlerimize ula\u015fmas\u0131 ile hastal\u0131k bula\u015f\u0131r. Bu nedenle gripli bir ki\u015fi vir\u00fcs\u00fc etrafa yaymamak i\u00e7in \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fcp hap\u015f\u0131r\u0131rken a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 bir mendille, mendil bulam\u0131yorsa kollar\u0131 ile kapatmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ellere hap\u015f\u0131rmak en tehlikeli olan\u0131d\u0131r. Ellere bula\u015fan vir\u00fcs buradan dokunulan her yere yay\u0131l\u0131r. Gripli ki\u015fi s\u0131k s\u0131k ellerini y\u0131kamal\u0131d\u0131r. Su ve sabun bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda el antiseptikleri ile eller ovalanarak da pakl\u0131k sa\u011flanabilir. Domuz gribinin bula\u015fmas\u0131 mevsimsel griple birebirdir, lakin H1N1 yani domuz gribi domuz eti yenildi\u011fi i\u00e7in bula\u015fmaz. Gribin toplumda yay\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn en \u00e7ok sa\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n birinci g\u00fcnlerinde, okula, i\u015fe gidilmeyip meskende istirahat edilmelidir. Konut halk\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in eller s\u0131k s\u0131k y\u0131kanmal\u0131, oda havaland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bilhassa yak\u0131n\u0131nda hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r seyretme riski olan \u015fah\u0131slar varsa hasta ki\u015finin maske takmas\u0131 faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Maske, a\u011f\u0131z ve burunu tam kapamal\u0131, \u0131sland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015ftirilip eller y\u0131kanmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0Kaynak: (BYZHA) – Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

       Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda d\u00fcnyada global \u00e7apta bir salg\u0131na neden olan domuz gribi son periyotlarda de yayg\u0131n olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34557,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1151,1152,1154,821,1153],"yoast_head":"\n